Ingredients in Children’s Fluoridated Toothpaste: A Literature Review

Children’s fluoridated toothpastes are supplemented with ingredients intended to increase appeal. A comprehensive list of children’s toothpastes and their ingredients was compiled from nine pharmacies in New York City. A broad literature review was then conducted to describe the purpose of the ingredient and the known contamination risks associated with chronic consumption of each ingredient. The final sample size comprised 26 children’s toothpastes and 45 unique ingredients. The purpose and known contamination risks of the 45 identified ingredients were documented. A proportion of ingredients (28.9% [n = 13]) were found to be both unnecessary to improving the oral health of children and solely used to increase their appeal. Of this list of unnecessary ingredients, 69.2% (n = 9) were shown to have contamination risks associated with chronic consumption, including enamel demineralization. The authors recommend that toothpaste manufacturing practices be limited to include only ingredients that are necessary for improved oral health and care and only using natural flavorings when needed.