Root Surface Biomodification: Current Status and a Literature Review on Available Agents for Periodontal Regeneration

Background: A critical step in periodontal regenerative therapy is to alter the periodontitis affected root surface to make it a hospitable substrate, to support and encourage migration, attachment, proliferation and proper phenotypic expression of periodontal connective tissue progenitor cells. So the Concept of Biochemical modification or alteration of the root surface has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach to the reconstruction of the periodontal unit.

Aim: To review various agents used for root biomodification and update on the current status of root biomodification in periodontal regenerative therapy.

Materials and Methods: Google Scholar database is searched using keyword “Root Biomodfication”and the studies with experimental design either In Vivo or In vitro were included in the search whereas Narrative reviews or Non – Systematic reviews were excluded. These studies were reviewed together to update the various agents used for root biomodification and their current status in Periodontal regenerative therapy.

Result: Only the representative studies of the agents used were included in this studies including 2 systematic review, 1 literature review and 1 world workshop report.

Conclusion: The present status suggests that root biomodification does not have any added advantage in periodontal regeneration. Large Size randomized clinical trials are necessary to give an definite conclusion.