Effect of a Nurse Led Multi-intervention Program on Quality of Life, Subjective Well-being and Level of Thyroid Hormones among Patients with Hypothyroidism- A Quasi-experimental Double arm Study

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a leading public health concern, affecting one in ten Indians. Along with conventional treatment with supplemental Thyroid Hormones (TH), problems associated with hypothyroidism can be managed with complimentary nursing interventions.

Aim: To assess the effect of a nurse-led multi-interventional program on Quality of Life (QoL), Subjective Well-Being (SWB) and level of TH among patients with hypothyroidism.

Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental double arm study was conducted from August to October 2021, at selected endocrinology clinics on patients with hypothyroidism were divided into interventional (n=39) and control group (n=38) non randomly. Information related to socio-demography, QoL, SWB and TH levels were collected and followed by the implementation of a nurse-led multi-intervention program for the intervention group. The intervention was done individually, which consisted of a demonstration of yoga asana, yoga mudra and neck exercises. Two-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed, to check if there is any significant difference in the average QoL/SWB/level of TH across different time points as well as between the experimental and control group.

Results: A total of 77 participants, 64 (83.1%) males and 13 (16.9%) females were included in the study with maximum participants belonged to the age group of 18-28 years. It was observed that after the implementation of multi-intervention program QoL was significantly improved among the experimental group (F=31.53, <0.001), and SWB also significantly improved (F=36.615, <0.001). Thyroid Stimulating Hormones (TSH) were significantly reduced among the experimental group (F=3.39, p=0.022) and Thyroxine (T4) levels were statistically significant among the experimental group (F=3.151, p=0.030).

Conclusion: Patients with hypothyroidism require holistic care.Patients with hypothyroidism could be intervened with programs like yoga, neck exercise, pranayama and yoga mudras.