Virtual Reality Surgical Training in Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery

Virtual reality has been introduced to the medical field and it is now used in medical education as an alternative high fidelity simulator. The major components to successful learning that has contributed to the efficacy of the virtual reality system are the ability to provide repetitive practice under controlled environment, self-directed learning and proved construct validity. This review evaluated the validity and the efficacy of current virtual reality systems in ear, nose and throat surgery.