Clinical Study of 135 Cases of Kawasaki Disease

Objective: To analyze 135 cases of complete kawasaki disease (cKD) and incomplete Kawasaki disease (iKD) in terms of clinical characteristics, laboratory examination, diagnosis and treatment, coronary artery injury and other risk factors, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: Clinical data of 135 pediatric patients admitted to our hospital from August 1999 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. 41 cases were less than 1 year old (30.4%), 51 cases were between 1 and 3 years old (37.8%), 26 cases were between 3 and 5 years old (19.2%), and 17 cases were over 5 years old (12.6%). Among them, 93 cases were male (68.9%), 42 cases were female (31.1%), male: female (2.2:1), and the age ranged from 15 days to 8 months. Results Among 135 children with KD, 87 cases with cKD (64.4%), 48 cases with iKD (35.6%), 37 cases with coronary artery disease (CAL), including cKD (19.5%, 17/87) and iKD (41.7%, 20/48). There was no significant difference in gender between cKD and iKD, and iKD was more common in infants in age characteristics. There was no significant difference in esR and C-reactive protein between cKD and iKD, and the probability of kawasaki red in iKD children was higher than that in cKD children. iKD is associated with higher coronary artery disease (CAL).

Conclusion: Incomplete KD has atypical clinical manifestations and is easy to be misdiagnosed and missed. In infants with fever of unknown cause for more than 5 days, the diagnostic conditions of Kawasaki disease are insufficient, so iKD should be considered in the examination of echocardiography and other examinations should be actively improved. High-dose intravenous injection of human immunoglobulin and aspirin should be given in the acute phase to relieve inflammatory response and reduce the occurrence of CAL.