Evaluation of Nephroprotective Properties of Aqueous and Hydroethanolic Extracts of Crinum scillifolium against Gentamicin Induced Renal Dysfunction in the Albino Rats

Aims: Gentamicin, a widely used aminoglycoside antibiotic, is recognized as possessing significant nephrotoxic potential in human beings. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Crinum scillifolium on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity using biochemical approaches and determined the most active extract in rat.

Study Design: The leaves of Crinum scillifolium were collected in the district of Me (Côte d’Ivoire). The plant was identified and authenticated by the Department of Botany, Felix Houphouet Boigny University of Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire).

Place and Duration of Study: Analysis of the plant samples was done in pharmacodynamics Biochemistry Laboratory, Felix Houphouet Boigny University and the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Natural Substances, Felix Houphouet Boigny University between July and August 2018.

Methodology: The extractions were execcuted by macerating 100 g of plant dry powder in 1 liter of distilled water (aqueous extraction) or in 2 liters of water / ethanol mixture (30/70 V / (ethanol extraction). The animals were divided according to weight in seven groups each of six rats. The nephroprotective effects were estimated by comparing the effects of the extracts (100 and 200 mg / kg) to that of vitamin E (250 mg / kg) against gentamicin-induced renal failure by (80 mg / kg). Gentamicin is administered to the animals one hour after treatment with the extracts for seven days.

Results: The administration of gentamicin through intraperitoneal route to rats for seven days, resulted in an increase in urea and creatinine concentrations as well as decrease of total protein concentration in the serum. The level of total protein and albumin increased in urine after administration of gentamicin. The treatment of animals suffering from nephrotoxicity with Hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of Crinum scillifolium would have significantly reduced (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01) biochemical parameters considered as markers of nephrotoxicity.

Conclusion: This study proved that the aqueous extract of Crinum scillifolium possesses a nephroprotective activity against gentamicin-induced kidney failure in rats. So aqueous extract can be useful for preventives applications.